Earth's structure

    Today's blog is about Earth's structure and the layers of the Earth.I blog about how thick each layer of the Earth is and what they do.


First is the top layer the crust.The crust is about 35 kilometers thick on land.The crust is 15 kilometers thick at the bottom of the ocean.The crust is the layer we live on.It is cool hard rock so we can live on it.It contains tectonic plates that move the continents.
 

The next layer is the Mantle.The mantle is the thickest layer of the Earth.The mantle is about 2850 kilometers thick.The mantle is made up of melted rock.It is about 4000 degrees in the mantle.


Next is the outer core.The outer core is made up of iron and nickle.The outer core is the only layer of the Earth that is all liquid.It is about 2,200 kilometers thick.


Last is the inner core.The inner core is a ball of solid iron.It is compressed together so hard that it never melts even though it is as hot as the surface of the sun.

There is a movie called the core and I think it is cool.There is a link down at the bottom and some other stuff.


http://youtu.be/foAyvN6mVwQ
http://youtu.be/RiHRI_Z2Kgs
http://youtu.be/Q9j1xGaxYzY

PLATE TECTONICS!

    I am going to blog about plate tectonics today.This blog post will include the following: how the earth was formed,what Pangaea is,what are tectonic plates and what are six  plates.
    First things first the earth was once called Pangaea.Pangaea was made up as one continent.The continents were combined.Over time Pangaea started to break apart.North America was the first continent to break.Then came South America,Eurasia,India, and Africa.The reason they broke apart was because volcanoes.This happens because the plates move around in the earths crust and go down to the mantle.They have dead krill and other stuff from the seafloor on them.When they go to the mantle the heat burns them and produces carbon dioxide.When a volcanoe erupts the carbon dioxide is realeased.The seven main plates are the eurassian plate,indian plate,north american plate,south american plate,pacific plate,oceanic

Back to school

     

 Hey I am back at school and doing blogs again.I am going to blog about what I did this summer,what my goals are this year and my weaknesses from last year.

 I did not a lot of things over the summer.The first thing I did this summer is go on a week long cruise on the carnival freedom.It was so much fun and I was sad to come home.It docked in Jamaica,Grand Cayman and the Florida Keys.

                                         Here is a picture of the carnival Freedom

  They have a big water slide on the lido deck.They also have a 24 hour pizza bar and ice cream machine.If you do not want pizza or ice cream you can have a salad.They also show a movie every night on yhe lido deck.They have mini golf and a bascetball and court on the sky deck.

      

I went to a few summer camps and visited my grand parents and I stayed at home a lot,so any ways lets move on.

  My goals this year are to get more comments on my blogs.I want to be more creative and have better blog titles.

My weaknesses last  year was that it was my first year and I did not have any experience.This year I know a little bit more and have better topics to blog about.

Amphibians:I

   I know what your saying that you don't need to learn about this because you learned about frogs already,well you do because there are more than just frogs in the amphibian group and I am going to blog about them.

  The first thing I am going to blog about is the characteristics of AMPHIBIAN'S!First amphibian means double life that means in their life they live in water and on land.Amphibians have smooth slimy skin and must keep it moist or they will suffocate.There are three groups of amphibians frogs and toads,newts and salamanders and Sicilian.

  The frog I am going to blog about is the leaf frog.The leaf frog blends in with the fallen leaves in autumn.It is very small and relies on it's camouflage to survive an not be eaten.

The next thing I am going to do is blog about is the green toad.Personally I think it is ugly.The green toad  can be found in praries next to rocks.

The next one is the hammerhead salamander.It has a head like a hammer you could of guessed.It has smooth moist skin like other amphibians.This is my favorite amphibian.  

  

Seahorses,Porcupine fish and Hagfish wierd fish

    Seahorses' mouths look like a horse's mouth.There are about 40 species of seahorses.They live in shallow water and in tropical climates.Seahorses swim upright which means like it is standing up.When seahorses reproduce the male has the babies.That is possible because the female gives the male the eggs.Then a couple weeks later they hatch and swim away in the sea.

Porcupine fish are small,until they blow up like a beach ball!The reason they blow up is to protect itself from being eaten.They suck in water or air through it's mouth.It's bladder is full of poison.They have little spines on the outside of their body.They can also return to their normal size after their predator goes away.The puffer fish is a close relative to the porcupine fish.

The next fish is the hagfish.It does not have a jaw or any bones.It's skin is poisones.It has lower teeth.They are like a worm a slimy discusting worm.

  Flying fish can not actually fly,instead they glide.Flying fish can have either four or two fins.There are about fifty species of flying fish.When flying fish reproduce the females lay their eggs on a sturdy object like a big broken pine tree limb.Flying fish can jump 3 feet into the air,are about 15-18 inches long when they are full grown,can almost go 40 miles per hour, and can glide around 660 feet in one jump.



The last one is the salmon.Salmon reproduce where they were born.They can change from a fresh water fish to a salt water fish.After they are a year old they travel back to where they were born and reproduce.Many salmon die after reaching their destination and the cycle starts all over again.

Sharks

  This blog is on Sharks.You will learn all about sharks and see some species of sharks.The first thing I am going to blog about is how something is classified as a shark.
 To be classified as a shark you need to have rough skin like scales.They are only rough when you rub them from tail to head.Sharks have excellent smelling and eye sight.A shark can see it's prey from 100-200 feet away in clear water.Sharks they reproduce sexually.They lay eggs and if they can't find food for the cubs they eat them.

 This is what a shark egg looks like.

The next thing is that,well you know those movies about sharks like Jaws.Those things are fake and betray sharks.Most sharks are not dangerous.When sharks bite someone that means they are confusing you with a fish or seal.When they first bite you they will stop and go away because they know they made a mistake.There are only 30 out of 375 sharks that are dangerous.I know some sharks that are dangerous like the thrasher,bull and great white sharks.




The next thing I am going to blog about is the different types of sharks.I am going to put several sharks on this blog.If you leave a comment,tell me your favorite type of shark.

               The first one is my favorite the Great White shark.

  The next one is a prehistoric shark.This is not a real picture,it is a painting a person made by looking at it's fossils.It is called the Megaladon.

  The first shark I am going to blog about is the Great White.It can weigh up to 2,500 pounds.They are very dangerous.Their speed can reach up to 25 miles per hour.If you were in the water with one you would not be able to escape.This is the shark that gave other sharks a bad name.This shark lives in temperate seas.That means in weather like what it is in Australia.The great white eats Fish,sharks,sea lions and seals.It can also live up to 30 years.

The next one is the Megaladon.The Megaladon's other name is the Giant tooth.The Megaladon's teeth can reach up to 7 inches.That is amazing that it's teeth are bigger than half a foot.The great white shark's teeth are 2.5 inches.The Megaladon is one of the very few dangerous sharks.

Here is a picture showing how big a Megaladon is compared to a great white.

Well thats my blog and I hope you leave a comment on what is your favorite shark.

BYE

Fish the under water animals

  This blog is about FISH!This blog is going to explain what a fish needs to have to be classified as a fish and how they breathe under water.

  The first thing I am going to blog about is how fish are classified and what something needs to have to be a fish.First a fish needs to have fins.Fins help fish move or swim around.The next thing is that it needs to be cold blooded.That means that a fish can change its temperature to the temperature that is around it.The last thing a fish needs to be called a fish is gills.Gills help fish breathe under water. Fish take in water through their mouth and go through their circulatory system then out of their gills.Their membranes protect their gills.Fish are streamlined which helps them move around easily and fast.

  Fish are the oldest living vertebra's.That means they are the oldest organism that has a backbone.There are three groups of fish bony,jaw less,and cartilaginous.
  Bony fish is the largest group.Bony fish have bones.Bony fish use swim bladders to be bouyant like to go up and down in the water.
  The cartilaginous group is in the middle.In this group there are sharks,rays,skates and more.Those animals all have something in  common,it's that they do not have bones.Their bones are made of cartilage.
  The last group is the jaw less fish.You probably know that they do not have jaws.There are two types of jaw less fish hag fish and lamprey.They both suck on their food.There use to be more than sixty species of jaw less fish,but now there is only two species left.The fishes that are extinct are now fossils.