Science Fair 2012

     Hi today I am talking about the Science Fair!  The Science Fair happens once every year and I am going to blog about my Science Fair experience this year.




   My Science Fair experiment was on The Heat Capacity of Water! I know you don't know what that means, but that is why I am here. The heat capacity of water is how much electrical energy is used to heat  water in a limited source of water and power. What it really means is how much electricity is used to heat water.


  I chose this project because it was something I never did before. I thought it would be cool to try something new and harder. This project is at a 7th grade level. I did the science fair topic wizard on the Internet to find a project.


  
Materials that I used for the experiment.

• Electric Calorimeter

• 6 volt battery

• Multimeter 

• thermometer

• wire

 

• timer

 

• alligator clips

 

• measuring cup

 

• 175 milliliters of distilled water

   I had to order the thermometer and the electric calorimeter on the Internet. It took about two weeks for them to get to my house. I bought the 6 volt battery from Walmart. I used my phone for the timer. I got the wire, the multimeter, alligator clips measuring cup and the distilled water from my house.






  The easiest part for me doing my project was creating the poster board. I had the Data and results to put on my poster board. I had a graph and some pictures. I had the Question, Hypothesis, Materials, Procedure, Data, Graph and my conclusion on my poster board. 






   The hardest thing that I did in the Science Fair preparations was testing my experiment. I had to have an exact temperature and the amount of water had to be at 175 milliliters. I had to check the water about every 10 minutes for 3 hours each test. I had to check the temperature and the volts which I checked on the Multimeter. I had to test it 5 times so it would be a total of 15 hours.




  My variables were the time I checked on the water and putting salt in the water when testing. The salt really didn't changed anything. I checked back on the water at different times and after 2 hours and 44 mins nothing was changing.


  I learned that water heats up slowly and releases heat slowly. I already knew that electricity could turn into heat. I also learned that a multimeter measures different types of currents including oms which are the resistance of an object.




  I felt proud of my project and the choices I made. I could of presented it a little bit better and I could of had a log book besides that I think I did good. At the beginning I was so scared, but then later on I felt better about it and felt more confident.




  I liked that I had pictures of my experiment and I had a project that took time and didn't take like 30 minutes to complete. I could of had a log book and tested my project a few more times to put on my graph.








This is an outline of what your poster board should look like.












                     

            

I used this website to find an experiment: HERE
I used this website to order the stuff I needed: HERE


                     

The Outer planets

     Hi today I am blogging about the outer planets. I will explain how they relate to each other and how they are different from the inner planets. I will also discuss what they are made of and what their atmosphere is like.  I will also detail their structure and unique qualities for each planet.

  First is how the outer planets are alike. The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They are sometimes referred to as the Gas Giants. The are called Gas Giants because they are huge compared to Earth and are made of gases. The Inner planets are called terrestrial planets because they are made of rock. They all have strong gravity because of their size. They also have a gas layer and liquid layer around their core. Inner planets have a liquid layer and solid layer around their core.

   Now I am blogging about what the outer planets are made of. They are made up of multiple types of gases like nitrogen, helium and hydrogen. They do not have a solid surface. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune all have a liquid mooshy surface. On any of the Outer planets you would sink to the core and be crushed because there is no real surface. All of the planets have a rocky core. Scientists think the core is rocky, but it is only a theory.

                 
   

  Jupiter is the biggest planet in our solar system. Jupiter is the closest gas giant to the sun. It has a liquid hydrogen surface so you can not stand on Jupiter. Jupiter's is 80% hydrogen and 20% helium. Its atmosphere is about 1,000 km thick. Its great red spot is actually a hurricane. Jupiter's atmosphere applies so much pressure that hydrogen turns into a liquid. The core can easily fit a Earth in it.




  Jupiter has 63 moons orbiting around it! A famous astronomer named Galileo Galilei spotted the four biggest moons of Jupiter in 1610. They were called Galilean moons because he found them. The moons are Io, Europa, Callisto and Ganymede. Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system that we know about.






  Jupiter's day is less than ten hours long! Jupiter's year is about 12 of our years or Earth years. Jupiter has rings, but are not seen easily. Jupiter's mass is more than twice as big than all the planets combined. Over 1,000 Earths can fit in Jupiter. Its diameter is a surprising 11 times as big as Earths.

                  


  Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system. It is the sixth planet from the sun. It also has a liquid hydrogen surface like Jupiter. Saturn is 90% hydrogen and 10% helium. Saturn has such a low density that it can float on water. Saturn has seven sets of rings around it. Saturn's rings are one of the main features of Saturn. Saturn has 60 moons. There are moons in the rings called Shepherd moons. They keep the rings in place. Saturn's biggest moon is Titan and is the second largest moon that we know of. Titan has an atmosphere which is the first moon to have one.
   
   
   The rings have icy particles in them. Scientist think that an icy object of some sort crashed into a moon and then made the rings. The biggest ring of the seven is 70,000 km wide but yet it is only 30 m thick. That is small in comparison. The rings are called by letter. The first ring discovered is called a ring and the second one is called b ring and so on till the g ring.
  
   Saturn's day is about 10 and a 1/2 hours long. It's year is almost 30 Earth years. It's diameter is 9 and a 1/2 times bigger than Earth. Saturn's mass is 95 times bigger than Earth's. The winds on Saturn can reach up to about 1,400 km per hour. Saturn's atmosphere is about 1,000 km thick.

 

  Now on to Uranus. Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun and the third largest planet in our solar system. Uranus has 27 moons that orbit around it. Its day is 17 hours long and its year is 84 Earth years. Uranus' has a little bit less atmosphere than earth. So you would weigh less on Uranus. Uranus is known as the sideways planet. It has rings like Jupiter and Saturn, but they are really close together and not spread out. The rings are about 4 times bigger in diameter. Uranus has an atmosphere made of hydrogen and helium like the other outer planets with some traces of methane. Then there is a liquid layer beneath the atmosphere made of water, ammonia and some other materials. Astronomers think Uranus may have a rocky solid core like the other planets.
   Uranus is tilted 98° on its side which makes seasons pretty weird. One side gets sun for 42 years straight then darkness for 42 years straight. When Uranus spins on its axis it spins sideways. Scientists think that a moon or something the size of Earth crashed into it. Then turned Uranus sideways.  The two largest moons are Titania and Oberon. Titania and Oberon's names were used in a mid-summer nights dream. Titania is covered in ice which means it could possibly have an ocean on it.

                                                                                                       

     


   The last planet is called Neptune. Neptune is the farthest planet from the sun and the fourth largest planet in our solar system. Its atmosphere is just like Uranus. It has hydrogen and helium with some methane in it. Neptune's surface is like Uranus. It has water, ammonia and some other materials in it. Its core is made of rock and iron like all of the other planets. Neptune has 13 moons. Neptune's day is about 16 hours long. The year on Neptune is about 165 Earth years. That is almost twice as long as Uranus's year. Every single person that has lived on Earth and is living on Earth would die before their first birthday on Neptune. Neptune's mass is 17 times as much as Earth's mass and the diameter of Neptune is about 3.9 times bigger than Earth's.
    Among the thirteen moons orbiting around Neptune the biggest moon is Triton. Triton has a frozen layer of nitrogen and has multiple geysers that erupt nitrogen. Neptune has a small ring system that is not seen very well. Voyager 2 was the first space craft to take pictures of Neptune and its rings.
   

               Roman gods time!
       (everything in here is based off of Roman releigon)

Apollo was the god of music and the Sun. He had a chariot that controlled the suns rays, played the lyre and he did not have any special name in roman religion.

Mercury (Hermes) was the messenger god and was called Mercury because he was very fast. The planet Mercury has such a short 

orbit it appears to be very fast.

                                                 

Venus (Aphrodite) was called this because the planet Venus looks beautiful to people from far away and Aphrodite was the goddess of love so she was called Venus.

Luna (Artemis) is the Earth's moon and Artemis was the goddess of the hunt and moved the moon around Earth, so she was then called Luna .

Mars (Ares) was called Mars because of the planet Mars Red color which usually stands for blood and there is a lot of blood in war.

Jupiter (Zeus) got his name because Jupiter is the biggest planet and the planet Jupiter looks like the ruler of the solar system and Zeus is the ruler of the gods.

Saturn (Cronos) was the god of time and was ruler of the sky before Jupiter and after Uranus. His children were Jupiter, Neptune and Pluto. His children were the gods of air, water, and death which was stuff that time has real effect on.

Uranus (Cronoses father and Gaia) looks like it is split in half by its rings and the god of time's father was the sky and Gaia was the Earth.They had a fight and split apart which made the sky apart from the Earth so they were called Uranus.

Neptune (Poseidon) was called this because the planet looks like it is all ocean on its surface because of its blue color and Poseidon  was the god of the sea so he was called Neptune.

Pluto (Hades) was called this because he was always alone in the underworld and the planet Pluto was the farthest planet from the sun and was the coldest which would be lonely and coldhearted if it was a person like Hades so he was called Pluto.

Click HERE to learn more about all of the planets, Pluto and more.

Click HERE or HERE to learn about the Roman gods.

Click HERE to play a review game on the outer planets.

If you like the text that I used click on this link.

                               Cool Text: Free Logos and Buttons

                    BYE!

Civil rights movement and war

    I am blogging about the resistance to the civil rights movement and about the Civil war. It will be about the people who did not like civil rights and were racist. It will be about how slaves got their freedom and how they were treated after they got their freedom.


 Black people were slaves until 1865 when the civil war occurred from 1861-1865. It started when Abraham Lincoln got elected in to the presidency. Abraham Lincoln passed a bill saying when a slave gets in to a free state they can stay there. When the southern states got mad that they were loosing their slaves they seceded from the U.S. Seceding means to leave something, so they left the U.S.
  The battle went on for four years and was the bloodiest battle that happened in U.S. history. The North was called the Union and the South was called the Confederacy. The Union had almost twice as much men as the Confederacy and had more weapons, ammo and transportation than them. The Union won in 1865 when they captured Atlanta. 

  First I am talking about the worst people that were against civil rights and they are the Ku Klux Klan.  They would torture, tease and sometimes kill blacks. It began with six southern veterans coming together in a town and making a group. They would torture old slaves and any blacks because they were mad they lost their slaves. The leader was called the Grand Cyclops and others were called ghouls. They would do horrible things like hang blacks, shoot at black peoples houses and cars, kidnap and start riots. The Klan died out around 1950.





 Next, I am blogging about Ruby Bridges. She was the first black to go to an all whites school. Her dad did not want her to go to an all white school because she could be teased at school. Her Mom wanted her to go to an all whites school because she had a hard life and she wanted her daughter to have a better one.
  Ruby was threatened to be poisoned if she went back to school. Her dad lost his job because his boss did not like his child going to an all white school. U.S. Marshals had to walk her to and from school to protect her from the people who wanted to kill her. Ruby started to see a child psychiatrist after winter break.




  Blacks could still not vote after the civil war. Blacks actually had less opportunity's after the civil war. The people that were in the southern states made governments so the blacks could not vote. It was Andrew Johnson that made it so blacks could not be in the convention to rewrite the constitution. In 1866 angry congress people made a civil rights bill that said an American citizen is someone born in the U.S. except Native Americans. President Johnson tried to get the bill cancelled, but it was passed anyway. When that bill was passed blacks  could be citizens of the U.S. 




  I learned on the field trip that 1/3 of the confederates died. I learned that 1/6 of the Union died. The main cause of death was       infection. During the civil war people did not have good personal hygiene. Some soldiers ran away from the battle to see their families. Atlanta had a lot of rail road tracks which made it good for the heart of the Confederacy.


  I liked that the museum made it so that you do interactive stuff. They make it so you have fun while you are learning. The museum made time lines for what happened through the years.They made it so you understood both point of views. 
   
 
   
   http://library.thttp://www.old-picture.com/united-states-history-1900s---1930s/pictures/Ku-Klux-Klan.jpghinkquest.org/J0112391/Civil_Rights_Final_Copies/A0A5Q000.gif

The Inner Planets

  This blog is on the inner planets. I will blog about what do the inner planets have in common, what hind of atmospheres they have, why Venus is hotter than Mercury and why life exists on Earth, but not on any other planet.

  The inner planets are similar because they all have rocky surfaces. They are sometimes called the terrestrial planets because of their rocky surfaces. They are all made of rock and metal. The planets have different sizes and atmospheres.

  Next, I am blogging about the inner planets atmospheres. Mercury has no atmosphere what-so-ever. Venus has an atmosphere made 97% of carbon dioxide. The gravitational pull on Venus is almost 100 times stronger than Earth. If someone stood on Venus they would probably be crushed in a few minutes. Earth's  atmosphere has multiple types of gases and a small amount of water vapor. Earth's location in the solar system makes water able to exist. Mars' atmosphere is made up of 95% carbon

dioxide and is a lot thinner than Earth's. Mars' temperatures can range from about 20°C  to -125°C.







  Now time to talk about the next topic. Venus is hotter than mercury because of its atmosphere. You might say why isn't mercury hotter because of its atmosphere, well guess what it does not even have an atmosphere. Venus has an increased amount of carbon dioxide in it's atmosphere, so it has the green house effect. The green house effect is where the atmosphere keeps the heat from the sun in.

 There is life on Earth because Earth is AWESOME. Earth is the only planet that we know of right now that is sustainable for life. The reason life exists on Earth is because the atmosphere, the moderate temperature, there is water and the magnetic field. The Earth's crust is constantly being formed. Since Earth has the greenhouse effect it keeps the temperature livable.